Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the kidneys are damaged and can no longer filter blood effectively, leading to waste buildup in the body. CKD is often a progressive condition that can lead to kidney failure if left untreated, typically with treatment medications such as inlyta axitinib, Farxiga, and Jardiance. While there are many potential causes of CKD, some are more common than others. In this listicle, we’ll explore the top 10 common causes of chronic kidney disease, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and more:

1. Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body cannot produce or properly use insulin, leading to high levels of sugar in the blood. Over time, high blood sugar can damage the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage and eventually, chronic kidney disease. People with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease, and it is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide.

2. High blood pressure

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys and eventually lead to chronic kidney disease. When blood pressure is high, the blood vessels in the kidneys become narrower, reducing blood flow to the kidneys and causing damage over time. Hypertension is the second most common cause of chronic kidney disease.

3. Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is a condition where the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli) become inflamed and damaged, leading to chronic kidney disease. This condition can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other underlying medical conditions.

4. Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited condition where cysts (fluid-filled sacs) form in the kidneys, eventually leading to kidney failure. This condition can cause the kidneys to become enlarged and reduce their function over time.

5. Obstruction

An obstruction in the urinary tract, such as a kidney stone, can cause damage to the kidneys and lead to chronic kidney disease. If left untreated, a blockage can cause a buildup of urine in the kidneys, leading to inflammation and eventually, scarring of the kidneys.

6. Lupus

Lupus is an autoimmune disease that can affect many organs in the body, including the kidneys. Lupus nephritis is a common complication of lupus that can lead to chronic kidney disease. The immune system attacks the kidneys, causing inflammation and damage over time.

7. Recurrent kidney infections

Frequent kidney infections can cause scarring of the kidneys, eventually leading to chronic kidney disease. The inflammation and scarring caused by recurrent infections can lead to reduced kidney function and kidney damage over time.

8. Congenital abnormalities

Some people are born with abnormalities in the structure or function of their kidneys, which can lead to chronic kidney disease over time. These abnormalities can include abnormal positioning of the kidneys, narrow or blocked blood vessels, or structural defects that affect the function of the kidneys.

9. Overuse of painkillers

Overuse of painkillers such as NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can damage the kidneys and eventually lead to chronic kidney disease. NSAIDs can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, causing damage. In some cases, long-term use of NSAIDs can lead to kidney failure.

10. Other medical conditions

Certain medical conditions, such as HIV and hepatitis B and C, can also lead to chronic kidney disease. These conditions can cause inflammation and damage to the kidneys, reducing their function over time. Other conditions that can contribute to chronic kidney disease include multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, and certain cancers.